Universita Ciencia

Regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in public administration in Mexico

Raúl Santos Mendoza — 2016-04-10

This essay aims to analyze the regulation of artificial intelligence use in public administration in Mexico. The methodology consisted of a theoretical-interpretive reflection based on a review of various documentary sources, highlighting both academic articles published on the topic and advances in national and international legislation. The technique is structured using analytical matrices, from which
it is concluded that the use of artificial intelligence in public administration raises questions and challenges regarding who should be held responsible for potential harm caused by an automated system. It also questions whether human oversight becomes essential to prevent the excessive delegation of public functions to algorithms that lack awareness and accountability.

Structural inequalities and public health across mexican states: a panel data analysis (2010–2020)

Rosy Wendoli Carrillo Ovando — 2026-04-10

Mexico faces significant challenges in the area of health. Health performance varies significantly between states and tends to be worse in areas with socioeconomic backwardness and institutional weakness. In this context, public health not only reflects the capabilities of the health system but is also closely related to a country's structural factors. For this reason, this article aims to analyze the relationship between these structural factors and health performance in Mexico's states during the period 2010 to 2020. To this end, a panel data model is used that incorporates variables related to the capacity of the health system and the economic, social, institutional, and territorial environment. The results show that unfavorable structural factors have a negative and statistically significant effect on health performance, confirming the need for comprehensive public policies that strengthen the health system and reduce socioeconomic and territorial inequalities.

The effect of fiscal policies through reforms to the income tax law in Mexico (2022)

Silvia Domínguez Rodríguez — 2026-04-10

ABSTRACT

Considering that the Mexican State's task is to resolve and satisfy the needs of its citizens, its role in tax collection becomes relevant, with fiscal reforms as a tool for improvement. Therefore, this research contains an analysis of the tax reforms that emerged during 2022, which directly includes a new RESICO regime as a basis for reducing informality and determining the effects during its application.

Cyberbullying and university legal culture: perceptions of political science and public management students at the university of Veracruz

José Francisco Baez Corona — 2026-04-10

Cyberbullying has become one of the most prevalent forms of digital violence in university environments, affecting students’ emotional well-being beyond academic performance. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and perceptions of students in the Political Science program at the Universidad Veracruzana regarding cyberbullying and the university’s legal culture intended to regulate it. The central research question was: What knowledge and perceptions do students hold about digital violence and the normative mechanisms available to address it? A quantitative, descriptive-analytical design was employed. Data were collected through a digital questionnaire with Likert-scale items and an open-ended question, applied to a sample of 95 students from a population of 120. Results indicate that while students can clearly identify behaviors associated with cyberbullying and are aware of national laws such as the “Ley Olimpia,” their knowledge of internal protocols is limited, and distrust toward institutional mechanisms remains.

The right to science and financing in Mexico: economic implications for vulnerable groups

María Eugenia Jerez Velasco — 2026-04-10

This research work aims to analyze how the distribution of scientific funding in Mexico influences the participation of vulnerable groups in scientific and technological activities. It also explores how the ethical use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technological tools in research can contribute to reducing inequalities and promoting the inclusion of these groups in the development of knowledge. To achieve this objective, the study adopts a qualitative approach, with a non-experimental research design of a descriptive-analytical nature. Systematic, analytical, descriptive, comparative, and historical methods were applied, which allowed us to identify that funding in Mexico presents an unequal distribution that limits the access of vulnerable groups to research and innovation. Therefore, inclusion in the knowledge economy requires equitable public policies and the ethical use of AI as a tool to reduce social gaps.

Between duty and desire: legal challenges in imposed paternity

María Alejandra Pale Barradas — 2026-04-10

This paper explores men's

reproductive rights through the lens of

equality and the right to free personal

development, questioning the current legal

framework that imposes fatherhood

regardless of the man's will. It proposes

recognizing "early renunciation of

fatherhood" as a legal figure that allows

men to formally opt out of paternity within a

timeframe equivalent to a woman’s right to

terminate a pregnancy. By analyzing the

principles of equality, the best interest of the

child, and comparative legal models, it is

argued that this measure is not

abandonment, but a step toward fairer

shared responsibility and reproductive

justice.

Assessment of the Human Right to a Healthy Environment in Municipalities of Veracruz: application of the structure–functioning–effects model and INAFED indicators

Hugo Salazar Mata — 2026-04-10

This article assesses the degree of respect for the human right to a healthy environment in the municipalities of Poza Rica de Hidalgo, Xalapa, and Tuxpan, in the state of Veracruz, during the year 2024. A comparative analysis was conducted using the Structure–Functioning–Effects (S–F–E) model developed by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR, 2012) and adapted through the indicators of Axis 5, “Environment,” from the Municipal Performance Advisory Guide (INAFED, 2024).

The research adopts a quantitative and descriptive approach, integrating normative and institutional evaluation with measurable indicators of environmental management. The results reveal substantial variation among the municipalities studied: Xalapa reached a medium–high level of compliance (ICAM = 0.716); Tuxpan achieved a medium level (0.616); and Poza Rica registered a low level (0.466).

These differences demonstrate that regulatory frameworks and environmental programs are not, by themselves, determinants of the effective realization of the human right to a healthy environment. Their impact depends on operational capacity, transparency, and the existence of measurable monitoring mechanisms.

The findings suggest that environmental institutionalization at the municipal level, along with the establishment of control and verification mechanisms, constitutes a key factor for the success of environmental rights systems at the local level, and for consolidating environmental governance based on a human rights approach.

Keywords: Human rights; healthy environment; municipal management; climate change; conventionality control.

Women living whit hiv in situations of inequality

María Fernanda Hernández Martínez — 2026-04-10

Women living with HIV navigate this condition within a world shaped by prejudice, stereotypes, and socially constructed gender roles that place them in a state of heightened vulnerability. For many women, living with HIV involves not only managing a medical condition but also confronting a complex psychosocial and emotional situation marked by gendered inequalities, stigma, and discriminatory expectations that negatively affect their daily lives, health, and reproductive autonomy. These dynamics constitute various forms of gender-based violence, institutional discrimination, and cultural prejudice that operate as barriers, limiting and denying their fundamental human rights. This article examines how structural and gender inequalities shape and organize the experiences of women living with HIV, arguing for the urgency of adopting a human-rights–based approach grounded in gender perspective.

Judicial victimhood and differentiated protection: critical analysis of enhanced protection in civil and family matters.

Ubaldo Márquez Roa — 2026-04-10

This research analyzes secondary victimization and judicial victimhood within civil and family court proceedings in Mexico. Secondary victimization arises from inadequate institutional practices, such as the repetition of traumatic events or procedural delays, which exacerbate the original suffering. Judicial victimhood refers to the strategic use of the victim role to obtain procedural privileges, which can affect procedural balance and due process. A distinction is made between victimization caused by institutional negligence and victimhood as a form of system manipulation. The approach focuses on a neuroscientific perspective on the effects of trauma on the brain and mental health. Finally, measures such as judicial training, the substitution of complaints, and the recognition of new family forms are proposed to guarantee fair access to justice without resorting to revictimizing or disproportionate practices.

The risk analysis of state capture and systemic corruption in the federal entities with the largest public resources in Mexico for the fiscal year 2023.

Oscar Flores Viveros — 2026-04-10

In recent years, regarding the oversight of our country, significant amounts of resources have been transferred to state governments. This is intended to strengthen institutional capacities and improve the provision of government services.However, this article argues that state governments with larger budgets and financial resources are more prone to state capture and the consolidation of systemic corruption networks.
The research correlates corruption indicators such as perception and prevalence, both obtained from the National Survey of Government Quality and Impact (ENCIG, 2023), as well as data from local legislatures on the budgets approved for the same fiscal year (2023). This work supports the following hypothesis: states that manage greater economic resources are more susceptible to being co-opted and captured by a system of corruption networks.

Bodies and algorithms: human trafficking for sexual exploitation from a digital ethnographic perspective

Pilar Badillo Virués — 2026-04-10

This article presents the results of a digital ethnography research study with the primary objective of analyzing the narratives, actors, and reactions that emerge around human trafficking for sexual exploitation in digital environments, with particular attention to the ways in which victims are presented, the spectacularization of judicialization processes, symbolic and discursive violence in people's interactions on social networks, as well as counter-narratives of resistance against these forms of violence. Subsequently, based on interactions, narratives, and actors, significant patterns were identified that demonstrate how exploitation is sustained in these environments, where the boundaries between complicity and violence become blurred.

Maternity, paternity, and parental leave in Mexico: comparative analysis, effects on labor equity, and policy proposals

Ana Laura Uscanga Arévalo — 2026-04-10

This study analyzed and compared maternity, paternity, and parental leave in Mexico against international best practices, aiming to identify strengths and gaps and to propose reforms that enhance shared caregiving responsibility and gender equity in the labor market. A qualitative documentary methodology with a comparative approach was applied, reviewing academic literature published between 2013 and 2025, national legislation, and databases from international organizations such as the OECD, ILO, ECLAC, and UN Women. The review strategy followed a systematic process inspired by the PRISMA flow framework.

Findings reveal that Mexico provides 12 weeks of fully paid maternity leave for formally insured workers, compared to an OECD average of 17.8 weeks, and only 5 days of paternity leave paid by employers, far below the OECD average of 9.3 weeks. The absence of a federal parental leave scheme contributes to a female labor force participation rate of 51.2% versus 81.3% for men, highlighting significant gaps in co-responsibility and labor equity.

Based on this evidence, the article proposes legislative reforms to extend paternity leave, create a universal and co-responsible parental leave system, strengthen social security coverage for informal workers, and articulate these measures with return-to-work policies, regulated teleworking, and accessible childcare services to promote equity and labor participation.

Social notions as socio-cognitive structures in contemporary organizational management and action from an interpretive governance perspective

Yuliana Santander Anzures — 2026-04-10

This article analyzes the role of social notions as sociocognitive structures that shape organizational action and governance processes in contexts of high complexity. It argues that management decisions are mediated by interpretive frameworks that influence problem definition, opportunity identification, legitimacy construction, and risk perception. These matrices of meaning operate as structuring devices that guide the behavior of individuals and institutions, conditioning their adaptive capacity in uncertain, dynamic, and culturally heterogeneous environments. Drawing on contributions from sociocognitive constructivism, social representations, and collective action theory, the article contends that governance should be understood not as a strictly technical exercise, but as a hermeneutic process in which rationalities, symbols, and social expectations interact. Integrating these dimensions helps explain variations in policy adoption, organizational resilience, and the effectiveness of contemporary management strategies.

Mandatory pretrial detention in a comparative cerspective

Jesús Alberto — 2026-04-10

Automatic pretrial detention in Mexico, constitutionally mandated under Article 19, creates a structural tension between the domestic punitive framework and Inter-American standards that require exceptionality, strict reasoning, and periodic judicial review.

This essay examines the extent to which this precautionary measure has been distorted and operates as a form of anticipated punishment, as well as its implications for the judiciary and the legislature in light of conventionality control and the pro persona principle.

The study adopts a qualitative, doctrinal–jurisprudential, and comparative approach, covering the period from 2011 to 2025, based on precedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, decisions of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, and the constitutional reform of 2024.

The findings show that precautionary automatism is incompatible with Articles 7 and 8 of the American Convention on Human Rights, as it undermines the presumption of innocence and weakens the countermajoritarian role of judges. Consequently, an operational test based on suitability, necessity, proportionality, and periodic review is proposed to replace automatic pretrial detention with individualized precautionary measures subject to judicial control.

The Possibility of Applying Humanism for Social Justice in the Network of Technological Institutes of Veracruz

David Quitano Díaz — 2026-04-10

This article presents a descriptive statistical overview of the current state of the Technological Education System in the State of Veracruz. It begins by defining the right to higher education, as well as the challenges faced by education within the context of innovation and technology. The article also includes a section on the material elements necessary to achieve academic excellence and thus contribute to social justice. Accordingly, it opens with a brief introduction, followed by the foundational evolution of the Technological Education System, then moves on to its connection with the productive sector, and concludes with a series of final observations.

Gender-sensitive governance and female leadership in Mexico

Luis Miguel Pavón León — 2026-04-10

Governance can only be considered democratic if it is structured with effective mechanisms for participation and deliberation that foster citizen oversight, promoting healthy coexistence among its social actors on a level playing field. Contemporary public problems are inherently complex, dynamic, and multifaceted; the link between governance and a gender perspective constitutes an essential field of analysis for understanding and transforming contemporary dynamics of public power.

Women in the country's political life have fought to change the vision, structure, and composition of the political entities that govern the Mexican state. It is through their leadership that organized civil society, the business sector, society at large, and various political parties have built bridges to eradicate gender inequality in the political sphere. This research aims to analyze how the application of gender-responsive governance influences women's leadership in Mexico.

Gender-responsive governance is not a finished model, but rather an ongoing process that requires continuous evaluation, adjustment, and strengthening. The path toward democratic governance implies recognizing that gender equality is not a sectoral objective, but a structural principle of public action. Only through the development of robust institutions, inclusive leadership, and active citizenship will it be possible to consolidate a governance model capable of responding to contemporary challenges and contributing to the construction of a more just, equitable, and democratic social order.

Socio-cultural context of vulnerability in Veracruz: challenges to governance and transparency

Angélica María Hernández-Ramírez — 2026-04-10

Governance is fundamental for Mexico. This study investigated the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in relation to social problems linked to transparency in Veracruz. The study reviewed government use of ICTs and the socio-cultural context for all 212 municipalities in 2023. Citizens formalized 1,622 complaints. The 50% of municipalities experienced problems with ICTs. The number of complaints was lower in the most marginalized municipalities. Access to public information was denied in all cases. Governance faces challenges that translate into limited citizen participation and a lack of transparency. Consequently, social problems persist and are exacerbated in vulnerable socio-cultural contexts, and the digital divide adds to the structural inequalities that persist in the state.

Artificial intelligence in the evaluation of evidence: a current challenge in judicial governance

Rosa Laura Altamirano Castañeda — 2026-04-13

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in judicial processes is one of the most significant challenges today. Its application in tasks like analyzing and classifying evidence has countless benefits; however, it also carries risks that could endanger the human rights of those involved in litigation. Against this backdrop, this article aims to examine the current uses of AI as a tool for judges to assess evidence, as well as the potential challenges. Likewise, considering the risks, proposals are made for judicial governance to incorporate these technologies, prioritizing due process.

The impact of economic policy on Mexico's economic growth in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Aarón Luis Morales — 2026-04-13

The introduction outlines the effects of the global health and economic crisis, as well as its impact on Mexico. It identifies various theoretical studies on the capacity of national economies to respond to economic crises, referencing the scope of economic policy and its impact on economic recovery and, consequently, on the mortality rate during the pandemic.
The introduction considers different theoretical studies that define the consequences of a small open economy, as well as the identification of the various forms of capitalism, culminating in hierarchical capitalism in Mexico and its influence on the capacity to respond to an international crisis.The methodology section presents a descriptive analysis using macroeconomic indicators that reveals the decisions made by the Bank of Mexico and the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP), allowing for an examination of their impact on economic recovery and the mortality rate during the period under study.

Transparency, digital governance and administrative reform in Mexico: a post-new public management perspective

Ángel Toledo-T — 2026-04-13

The objective of this article is to analyze which public management approach is most appropriate for guiding administrative reform processes based on transparency in Mexico, in contexts of institutional complexity and change in digital technology. Based on a qualitative methodological approach supported by historical-comparative, normative, and institutional analysis, the article analyzes the historical process of public management models implemented in Latin America, as well as the role of transparency and the integration of digital technologies, especially Artificial Intelligence. The results reveal the structural limitations of the Weberian bureaucratic and New Public Management models in solving complex public problems and promoting accountability. It is concluded that administrative reform aimed at substantive transparency is a central factor in strengthening the democratic legitimacy and institutional capacity of the Mexican state.

Environmental management and education in the development of skills for sustainability

María de los Ángeles Chamorro Zárate — 2026-04-14

Addressing socio-environmental problems requires the intervention of professionals with a solid, comprehensive education. This paper was written to identify the sustainability competencies incorporated into the curriculum of the Master's Program in Environmental Management for Sustainability and in a case study. Through qualitative, descriptive research, documentary analysis was applied as the research technique to review information contained in the curriculum. As a result of the first level of analysis, competencies in systemic, normative, strategic, collaborative, and critical thinking, as stated in the document, were identified. In a second level of analysis, a case study was reviewed, identifying competencies in critical thinking, collaboration, systemic, strategic, and anticipatory thinking, developed by a student in her thesis project. It is concluded that developing sustainability competencies constitutes a central axis in environmental education and an opportunity to strengthen local capacities in contexts of socio-environmental vulnerability.

A Genealogy of English Language Teaching in Mexico’s Basic Education System

Esmeralda Cuevas Quintanar — 2026-04-16

This article presents a documentary analysis of English language teaching in basic education in Mexico as an educational policy. Its main objective is to trace the genealogy of English teaching across different governmental administrations in order to understand, from a broader context, the progress and setbacks of this policy. The analysis begins with a review of the historical background since the creation of the Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) up to the current administration, which introduced the New Mexican School (Nueva Escuela Mexicana, NEM) initiative. This study is part of the contextual framework of a broader doctoral research project focused on the English proficiency level of students at Universidad Veracruzana in Mexico.

The right to good public administration as an essential topic for redirecting the fight against organized crime

Julio César García Landero — 2026-04-17

This article discusses how the elements of the Right to Good Public Administration can serve as a proactive tool in the fight against organized crime from the perspective of governmental institutions. The document is composed of an introduction, an overview of the evolution of the drug trafficking situation in Mexico, an analysis of the current situation, and concludes with a series of recommendations.

Green Governance in Administrative dimension: efforts towards the identification of strategies for responsible organizations

Jerson Mauricio Rodríguez del Carmen — 2026-04-20

Green Governance (GG) is a means of harmonizing the dynamics of the relationship between social, environmental, and cultural factors, implementing mechanisms to promote the maximization of ecological values. In this sense, this article aims to contribute to GG from an administrative perspective. Methodologically, the article presents a literature review using qualitative criteria and techniques, resulting in the proposal of eight strategies based on four dimensions: Dynamic Green Capabilities (DGC), adoption of green technologies (AGT), green business strategies (GBS), and green knowledge management (GKM). These strategies can be applied in organizations to contribute to local well-being. The article concludes that organizations, through their actions related to production and marketing, can transmit values and commitments that impact consumer behavior toward green awareness, strengthening values from the social, ecological, and cultural dimensions.